What Were the Communication Methods of the Ancient Great Wall?

The ancient Great Wall had a sophisticated communication system. The most well-known was the beacon fire system. Along the wall, watchtowers were equipped with beacon fires. When a threat was detected, the guards would light the fire, and the signal would be relayed from tower to tower, quickly spreading the message over long distances. Flags were also used. Different flag signals represented various instructions or warnings, such as the direction of the enemy's approach or the need for reinforcements. Drums and gongs were another means of communication. They could be used to alert nearby soldiers, coordinate movements, or signal the start and end of shifts. In addition, messengers on horseback were dispatched for more detailed or urgent messages. The combination of these communication methods ensured that the defenders of the Great Wall could respond quickly and effectively to any situation, maintaining the integrity of the defense line.